Glass Transition of Plasticised Starch Biopolymer as Affected by Equilibrium Water Activity
We report for the first time, the influence of two plasticizers namely, glycerol and xylitol and the effect of relative humidity (RH), measured as equilibrium water activity, on the glass-rubber transition temperature (Tg) of low amylose (LA) starch polymer – from maize starch. Strong antiplasticization behaviour is shown by both plasticizers at their lower concentrations region at very low RH values up to 22% and xylitol continued to show antiplasticization tendencies upto RH value of 40%. It was found that glycerol is a better plasticiser than xylitol at low values of RH; and even for high plasticizer concentration, viz., 20%, the glycerol samples had a 20C lower Tg value as compared to xylitol samples. If Tg is to be understood from a free volume concept, this is an interesting finding because it highlights that the affinity of low amylose starch to water increases the matrix free volume at a threshold RH value (around 63%) and is not affected by addition of either plasticizer for up to 20 wt%. This is further supported by Tg data at very high RH values up to 95% with no significant change in sample Tg for either plasticizer.
